WCMC Biodiversity Series No. 8


Freshwater Biodiversity: a preliminary global assessment


ANNEX 1

Larger rivers of the world, including a list of basins analysed in this report and a preliminary revised list of international basins

Part 1: basins included in the analytic phase of this report (sorted by approximate area of basin).

Part 2: other larger basins, not yet included in the analysis (sorted by approximate area of basin).

NB: international basins have more than one country listed in the 'Countries' column.

Part 1. Basins included in the analytic phase of this report.

Continent

River

Countries

area (sq. km)

South America

Amazon (with Ucayali)

Bolivia, Brazil, Colombia, Ecuador, Guyana, Peru, Venezuela

5,870,000

Africa

Congo

Angola, Burundi, Cameroon, Central African Republic, Congo, Congo (DR), Rwanda, Tanzania, Zambia,

3,720,000

N+C America

Mississippi (with Missouri)

Canada, USA

3,250,000

South America

La Plata (with Parana and Uruguay)

Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Paraguay, Uruguay

3,200,000

Africa

Nile (with Kagera)

Burundi, Congo (DR), Egypt, Ethiopia, Kenya, Rwanda, Sudan, Tanzania, Uganda

3,030,700

Asia

Ob (with Irtysh)

China, Kazakhstan, Russia

3,010,000

Asia

Yenisey (Yenesei)

Mongolia, Russia

2,530,000

Asia

Lena

Russia

2,490,000

Africa

Niger

Algeria, Benin, Burkino Faso, Cameroon, Chad, Côte d'Ivoire, Guinea, Mali, Nigeria, Niger

2,200,000

Asia

Amur

China, Mongolia, Russia

1,900,000

Asia

Yangtze

China

1,800,000

N+C America

Mackenzie (with Athabaska)

Canada

1,800,000

Asia

Ganges-Brahmaputra

Bangladesh, Bhutan, China, India, Nepal

1,600,400

Africa

Zambezi

Angola, Botswana, Malawi, Mozambique, Namibia, Tanzania, Zambia, Zimbabwe

1,419,960

Europe

Volga

Russia

1,360,000

N+C America

St. Lawrence

Canada, USA

1,280,000

Australia & NZ

Murray-Darling

Australia

1,060,000

N+C America

Nelson (with Saskatchewan)

Canada, USA

990,000

Asia

Indus

Afghanistan, China, India, Pakistan

980,000

South America

Orinoco

Colombia, Venezuela

966,000

Africa

Orange

Botswana, Lesotho, Namibia, South Africa

950,000

Asia

Shatt-al-Arab (Tigris and Euphrates)

Iran, Iraq, Syria, Turkey

884,000

Africa

Chari

Cameroon, Chad, Central African Republic

880,000

Europe

Danube

Albania, Austria, Bulgaria, Czech Republic, Germany, Hungary, Italy, Moldova, Poland, Romania, Slovakia, Switzerland, Ukraine, Yugoslavia,

796,250

Asia

Mekong

Cambodia, China, Laos, Myanmar, Thailand, Viet Nam,

786,000

Africa

Juba (with Shaballe)

Ethiopia, Kenya, Somalia

766,500

N+C America

Yukon

Canada, USA

765,000

Asia

Hwang Ho

China

745,000

Asia

Amu Darya

Afghanistan, Kyrgystan, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan

653,000

Asia

Kolyma

Russia

647,000

N+C America

Colorado (State of Arizona)

Mexico, USA

615,000

N+C America

Columbia

Canada, USA

610,000

South America

Sao Francisco

Brazil

600,000

N+C America

Bravo del Norte (Rio Grande)

Mexico, USA

550,000

Europe

Dnepr

Belarus, Russia, Ukraine

504,000

Asia

Syr Darya

Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, Uzbekistan

429,134

Europe

Don

Russia, Ukraine

422,000

Asia

Irrawaddy

China, India, Myanmar

396,000

Asia

Helmand

Afghanistan, Iran, Pakistan

386,000

Africa

Limpopo

Botswana, Mozambique, South Africa, Zimbabwe

385,000

Africa

Volta

Benin, Burkino Faso, Côte d'Ivoire, Ghana, Mali, Togo

379,000

Asia

Indigirka

Russia

360,000

Europe

Northern Dvina

Russia

357,000

Africa

Senegal

Guinea, Mali, Mauritania, Senegal

353,000

South America

Parnaiba

Brazil

325,000

Asia

Godavari

India

314,000

Asia

Salween

China, Myanmar, Thailand

270,000

N+C America

Fraser

Canada, USA

260,000

Asia

Krishna

India

256,000

South America

Magdalena

Colombia

240,000

Europe

Ural

Kazakhstan, Russia

237,000

Asia

Liao Ho

China

231,000

Asia

Kura-Araks

Armenia, Azerbaijan, Georgia, Iran, Turkey

225,000

Africa

Ogooue/Ogowe

Cameroon, Congo, Equatorial Guinea Gabon

220,700

Europe

Wisla/Vistula

Belarus, Poland, Slovakia, Ukraine

193,000

Africa

Rufiji

Tanzania

178,000

Asia

Hong Ha (Red River)

China, Laos, Viet Nam

169,600

Europe

Rhine

Austria, Belgium, France, Germany, Liechtenstein, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Switzerland

168,757

Asia

Chao Phraya/Menam

Thailand

160,000

South America

Essequibo

Guyana, Venezuela

147,000

Europe

Elbe

Austria, Czech Republic, Germany, Poland

144,500

South America

Chubut

Argentina

138,000

Africa

Sanaga

Cameroon, Central African Republic

135,000

Asia

Mahanadi

India

133,000

Europe

Oder

Czech Republic, Germany, Poland

126,000

N+C America

Rio Grande de Santiago

Mexico

125,000

Europe

Loire

France

120,000

N+C America

Grijalva (with Usumacinta)

Guatemala, Mexico

120,000

N+C America

Mobile (Alabama)

USA

115,000

N+C America

Brazos

USA

114,000

South America

Lakes Titicaca - Poopo system

Bolvia, Chile, Peru

114,000

Africa

Cunene/Kunene

Angola, Namibia

112,000

N+C America

Balsas

Mexico

106,000

Africa

Save (Sabi)

Mozambique, Zimbabwe

103,000

Asia

Narmada

India

102,000

N+C America

Colorado (State of Texas)

USA

100,000

Europe

Rhone

France, Switzerland

95,300

Europe

Douro/Duero

Portugal, Spain

94,500

Africa

Tana

Kenya

91,000

Europe

Western Dvina

Belarus, Latvia, Russia

87,900

Europe

Ebro

Andorra, France, Spain

84,440

N+C America

Panuco

Mexico

84,000

Europe

Tejo/Tagus

Portugal, Spain

82,000

Africa

Dra

Algeria, Morocco

80,500

Europe

Seine

France

78,600

Africa

Sassandra

Côte d'Ivoire, Guinea

77,500

Asia

Kyzyl Irmak/Kizil Irmack

Turkey

75,800

Africa

Gambia

Gambia, Guinea, Senegal

75,760

Europe

Po

Italy, Switzerland

74,300

Asia

Murgab

Afghanistan, Turkmenistan

73,000

N+C America

Sacramento

USA

73,000

N+C America

Susquehanna

USA

72,500

Europe

Dnestr

Moldova, Ukraine

72,100

Asia

Sepik

Indonesia, Papua New Guinea

71,000

Asia

Hari Rud/Tedzhen

Afghanistan, Iran, Turkmenistan

70,600

N+C America

Yaqui

Mexico, USA

70,000

Asia

Fly

Indonesia, Papua New Guinea

67,000

South America

Maroni

French Guiana, Surinam

66,000

South America

Colorado

Argentina

65,000

Asia

Yalu

China, Korea (PDR)

64,500

Europe

Guadiana

Portugal, Spain

61,400

Africa

Lurio

Mozambique

57,600

Europe

Guadalquivir

Spain

57,100

N+C America

Stikine

Canada, USA

56,700

N+C America

Skeena

Canada

54,900

Europe

Garonne

Andorra, France, Spain

53,425

Europe

Weser

Germany

52,800

Europe

Kemi/Kemijoki

Finland, Russia

51,500

Africa

Omo

Ethiopia

46,700

Europe

Terek

Georgia, Russia

43,200

Europe

Glama

Norway

40,500

N+C America

Papaloapan

Mexico

37,400

Asia

Ma

Laos, Viet Nam

36,000

N+C America

Hudson

USA

35,000

South America

Atrato

Colombia

32,200

Europe

Dal

Sweden

29,000

Asia

Ca

Laos, Viet Nam

28,500

N+C America

Savannah

USA

27,200

Part 2. Larger basins not analysed in this report.

Africa

Lake Chad basin

Cameroon , Central African Republic, Chad, Niger, Nigeria, Sudan

1,910,000

Asia

Tarim (Yarkend)

China, Kyrgyzstan

980,000

Africa

Kavango (Cubango)

Angola, Botswana, Namibia

785,000

Asia

Chutsyan

437,000

Asia

His

China, Viet Nam

436,000

Asia

Khatanga

Russia

364,000

Europe

Pechora

Russia

322,000

Australia & NZ

Coopers Creek

Australia

285,000

Europe

Neva

Russia

281,000

N+C America

Churchill

Canada

281,000

Asia

Yana

Russia

238,000

Asia

Hwai Ho

China

220,000

Asia

Olenek

Russia

219,000

Africa

Lake Turkana

Ethiopia, Kenya, Sudan, Uganda

203,300

Asia

Anadyr

Russia

191,000

Asia

Pyasina

Russia

182,000

Asia

Ili

China, Kazakhstan

176,000

Africa

Ruvuma

Malawi, Mozambique, Tanzania

166,500

Australia & NZ

Diamantina

Australia

156,000

Asia

Taz

Russia

150,000

Africa

Cuanza

Angola

149,000

Australia & NZ

Fitzroy (Qld)

Australia

143,000

N+C America

Thelon

Canada

142,000

N+C America

Albany

Canada

134,000

N+C America

Koksoak

Canada

133,000

Australia & NZ

Burdekin

Australia

131,000

South America

Rio Negro

Brazil, Colombia, Venezuela

130,000

Africa

Cuvelai-Etosha

Angola, Namibia

126,000

Asia

Taimyr

Russia

124,000

Asia

Kerulen

Mongolia

120,000

Africa

Awash

Djibouti, Ethiopia

118,500

Asia

Pur

Russia

112,000

N+C America

Moose

Canada

108,000

N+C America

Hayes

Canada

108,000

Australia & NZ

Flinders

Australia

108,000

N+C America

Back

Canada

107,000

N+C America

Severn

Canada

101,000

Asia

Anabar

Russia

100,000

Africa

Guir

Algeria, Morocco

98,500

N+C America

Fort George

Canada

97,700

Africa

Bandama

Côte d'Ivoire

97,000

N+C America

Saguenay

Canada

90,100

South America

Mearim

Brazil

89,700

Australia & NZ

Fitzroy (WA)

Australia

86,500

Europe

Neman

Belarus, Lithuania, Poland, Russia

86,300

Asia

Hari

Afghanistan, Iran, Turkmenistan

84,000

Australia & NZ

Ashburton

Australia

82,000

Asia

Sarysu

Kazakhstan

81,600

South America

Doce

Brazil

81,300

N+C America

San Joaquin

USA

80,100

N+C America

Churchill (Hamilton)

79,800

Australia & NZ

Gascoyne

Australia

79,000

Europe

Mezen

Russia

78,000

Australia & NZ

Victoria

Australia

77,500

Africa

Kam

Nigeria

76,500

Europe

Vuoksa

Finland, Russia

76,000

Africa

Komoe

Burkino Faso, Côte d'Ivoire

75,000

Asia

Penzhina

Russia

73,500

South America

Courantyne

Guyana, Surinam

72,100

N+C America

Kazan

Canada

71,500

Australia & NZ

Mitchell

Australia

69,300

Australia & NZ

Murchison

Australia

68,300

N+C America

Winisk

Canada

67,300

Asia

Lake Ubsa

Mongolia, Russia

67,000

Africa

Baraka

Ethiopia, Sudan

66,200

Africa

Daoura

Algeria, Morocco

65,700

N+C America

Nottaway

Canada

65,000

Asia

Alazea/Alazeya

Russia

64,700

Asia

Nadym

Russia

64,000

Africa

Kouilou

Congo

62,000

N+C America

Copper

Canada

61,800

Asia

Uda

Russia

61,300

Asia

Atrek

Iran, Turkmenistan

61,000

Asia

Chu

Laos, Viet Nam

60,800

South America

Paraiba

Brazil

59,000

Europe

Kuban

Russia

57,900

Africa

Cross

Cameroon, Nigeria

57,000

Europe

Onega

Russia

56,900

Asia

Sakarya

Turkey

56,500

Europe

Narva

Estonia, Russia

56,200

Europe

Maritsa

Bulgaria, Greece, Turkey

56,000

Asia

Kamchatka

Russia

55,900

South America

Lagoon Mirim

Brazil, Uruguay

55,700

Australia & NZ

Fortescue

Australia

55,000

Africa

Moulouya

Morocco

52,000

N+C America

Saint John

Canada, USA

51,800

N+C America

Apalachicola

USA

51,800

N+C America

Attawapiskat

Canada

50,200

Europe

Klaralven

Norway, Sweden

47,000

N+C America

Eastmain

Canada

46,400

N+C America

Manicouagan

Canada

45,600

Africa

Oueme

Benin, Nigeria, Togo

45,500

N+C America

George

Canada

44,800

Asia

Saigon

Cambodia, Viet Nam

44,000

Africa

Gourits

South Africa

44,000

N+C America

Humboldt

USA

43,900

N+C America

Rupert

Canada

43,200

N+C America

Great Whale

Canada

43,200

N+C America

Leaf

USA

43,000

N+C America

St. Maurice

Canada

42,700

Asia

Kaladan

India, Myanmar

40,000

Africa

Sebu

40,000

N+C America

San Juan

Costa Rica, Nicaragua

39,350

Europe

Kiumi

37,800

Asia

Dasht

Iran, Pakistan

36,000

Africa

Medjerda

Algeria, Tunisia

36,000

Africa

Chelif

Algeria

35,000

Asia

Han

Korea (PDR), Korea (R)

34,700

South America

Catatumbo

Colombia, Venezuela

34,480

Asia

Tumen

China, Korea (PDR), Russia

34,400

Africa

Oum-er-Rbia

Morocco

34,400

Africa

Maputo

Mozambique, South Africa, Swaziland

33,963

Africa

Pangani

Tanzania

33,800

Africa

Niem

Cameroon, Gabon, Equatorial Guinea

33,000

Europe

Torne/Tornio

Finland, Sweden

32,400

Africa

Gash

Ethiopia, Sudan

32,000

N+C America

Weiss

31,300

South America

Oyapock

Brazil, French Guiana

30,270

N+C America

Penobscot

USA

30,000

N+C America

Potomac

USA

30,000

Africa

Buzi

Mozambique, Zimbabwe

29,500

N+C America

Harricanaw

Canada

29,300

N+C America

Connecticut

Canada, USA

29,000

Africa

Kovali/Cavally

Côte d'Ivoire, Guinea, Liberia

28,800

Africa

Lake Natron

Kenya, Tanzania

28,500

Europe

Kem

Russia

27,700

Africa

Nyanga

Congo, Gabon

26,000

South America

Baker

Argentina, Chile

25,700

Africa

Mono

Benin, Togo

25,600

Europe

Oulu

Finland, Russia

25,000

N+C America

Coco (Segovia)

Honduras, Nicaragua

24,800

South America

Bio Bio

Argentina, Chile

24,300

Europe

Vardar

Greece, Macedonia FYR

24,000

Europe

Tuloma

Finland, Russia

23,600

Africa

Cavally

Côte d'Ivoire, Guinea, Liberia

23,500

South America

Lauca

Bolivia, Chile

23,500

South America

Patia

Colombia, Ecuador

22,540

Europe

Jucar

Spain

22,400

Africa

Corubal

Guinea, Guinea-Bisseau

22,000

Australia & NZ

Ciutha

New Zealand

22,000

Europe

Severn

UK

21,000

Asia

Coruh

Georgia, Turkey

21,000

Europe

Olanga

Finland, Russia

20,700

Africa

Moa

Guinea, Liberia, Sierra Leone

20,000

Europe

Pregel

Poland, Russia

19,700

Africa

Atui

Mauritania, Western Sahara

19,500

Europe

Pasvik

Finland, Norway, Russia

19,300

Africa

St Paul

Guinea, Liberia

18,000

Europe

Minko/Mino

Portugal, Spain

17,700

Europe

Tiber

Italy

17,200

Europe

Drin

Albania, Macedonia FYR

17,100

Europe

Schelde

Belgium, France, Netherlands

16,500

Asia

Suyfun

China, Russia

16,500

South America

Chira

Ecuador, Peru

16,220

Europe

Segura

Spain

16,100

Africa

Benito

Equatorial Guinea, Gabon

15,900

Europe

Shannon

Ireland

15,700

Europe

Thames

UK

15,300