wcmc

	Linked habitats
	Coral reefs and mangroves require different conditions for optimal growth. Mangroves thrive in calm nutrient-rich environments, whereas coral reefs need clear, nutrient-poor waters. However, reefs and mangroves are often found together and may be closely linked. Mangroves protect reefs from terrestrial sediments and provide shelter among their roots for juvenile reef fish, such as snappers. Coral reefs protect mangroves and seagrasses fromerosion during storms and strong wave action. Seagrass beds are another important tropical marine habitat, stabilising sediments and providing an important food source for many reef species. On Guadeloupe, reefs and mangroves are closely inter-linked, particularly in the Grand Cul de Sac Marin on the north coast. This large bay has extensive mangroves, seagrasses and patch reefs protected by a barrier reef. Click to view large map
	Rich resources for humankind
	For centuries, reefs and mangroves have been sources of food and products such as building materials and decorative items. Millions of people who live on the coast or on small islands in tropical countries depend on them for their livelihoods. Fish are caught from small boats with nets, traps and spears for family consumption and any extra is sold in local markets. Reefs are combed at low tide, for molluscs, small fish and crustaceans in pools. Up to 25% of fisheries production in tropical developing countries may come from coral reefs. Reef animals are also being found that contain ingredients for drugs that may help cure human illnesses such as cancer.
	Protected Areas Coral reefs and mangroves can be protected by creating marine parks. Over 350 protected areas include coral reefs and their associated marine habitats, and some 900 include mangroves. The Great Barrier Reef Marine Park is the largest marine park in the world, covering 345,000 sq km of reefs and surrounding waters. At the other extreme are the many small marine reserves that are managed by local communities. Marine protected areas are often zoned or divided up to benefit different users. One area may be closed to fishing so that commercial species can breed in peace. Another area may be set aside for snorkellers and divers. Others may be for general purposes. Marine parks cannot prevent pollution entering from outside, but they play a critical role in controlling human activities on those reefs that are of particular scientific and economic importance. Click to view large map

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