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Name
Bukk NP
IUCN
Management Category II (National Park)
Biogeographical
Province 2.12.05 (Pannonian)
Geographical
Location Bükk, a group of mountains in north-eastern Hungary.
Date
and History of Establishment 28.12.1976.
Area
38,775 ha.
Land
Tenure State and co-operative owned property. Private property
is less than 1 per cent.
Altitude
310-953 m.
Physical
Features Bükk National Park comprises the most beautiful
parts of the Bükk Mountains. It is a mountain range of medium
height with a wide plateau. The plateau is surrounded with peaks
of mountains which are over 300 m in height, and among the peaks
there are valleys with abrupt walls spreading as far as the foot
of the mountains. The Thalassic evolution of the Bükk Mountains
shows Carbonian, Permian and Triassic formations relating to the
history of the earth. The mountains in this area consist mainly
of limestone; however the majority of the surface is composed of
slate, sandstone and basaltic tuff and garboro of volcanic origin.
In the area of the mountain consisting of limestone there can be
observed all forms of karstic phenomena. The caves to be found here
are more than 400 in number. A rock-water, several small waterfalls,
seasonal springs and creeks abounding in water make the scenery
more picturesqye. There are three small settlements in the Bükk
National Park.
Climate
No information
Vegetation
In the southern Bükk the Austrian oakwoods constitute a wide
vegetation zone rising up to 500-700 m in height; main tree species
are Quercus sessiliflora and Q. cerris. On the dry,
warm slopes there are some steppe prairies and communities of
scrub
forest, the characteristic species of which are: Adonis
vernalis,
Pulsatilla grandis and Helleborus purpurascens. Over
700 m there are oak woods with some hornbeams that are replaced
by short-stemmed highland beechwoods in the higher regions. At
an altitude of 600-990 m, exposed to the north, there are beech-
and
oakwoods, and on the slopes there developed communities of varied
rock-wood. The Bükk plateau and the northern valley are
overgrown with beechwoods of the mountains. The fact that Mediterranean,
Illyrian
and mountain plant species are all found here is due to the considerable
differences in level of the varied rock beds and to the exposure
to the north. For some of the plants this is the only area where
they are found in Hungary. Noteworthy plant species are: Carex
brevicollis, Sesleria
hungarica, Herperis matronalis vrabelianna,
Primula
elatior, Telekia
speciosa, Viola
biflora, Scopolia
carniolica,
Poa
pannonica scabra, Ceterach
javorkaeanum, Arabis
alpina,
Gentianella
livonica, Gentianella
austriaca, Aconitum
moldavicum,
Aconitum
gracile, Calamintha
thymifolia, Trigonella monspeliaca.
Fauna
Birds: Amberiza cia, Cinclus
cinclus, Corvus
corax, Dendrocopos
leucotos, Ciconia
nigra, Bubo
bubo, Falco
cherrug, Circaëtus
fallicus, Aquila heliaca. Reptiles: Ablepharus
kitaibelii,
Coluber jhugularis caspicus.
Cultural
Heritage No information
Local
Human Population No information
Visitors
and Visitor Facilities Most of the Bükk National Park is
open for visitors. It is accessible by train and car from the towns
Eger and Miskolc, where accommodation is available in hotels. In
the area of the national park there are no hotels but two hostels
and a holiday home pertaining to one of the undertaking in this
country. Most frequented areas are: Szalajka valley, Lillafüred
and Bankut. The latter is a place for skiing in the winter. Museums:
Metallurgy museum at Miskholc-Felsöhamor, Hermann Otto Memorial
House at Miskolc-Lillafüred, open-air forest museum at Szilvasvarad-Szalajkavölgy.
At Lillafüred there are two dripstone caves.
Scientific
Research and Facilities Research work in the national park is
carried out by the Hungarian Academy of Sciences, the Museum of
Natural Science, and in the research departments of several universities.
In the caves of the Bükk Mountains there have been found many
fossils of international importance from the point of view of both
palaentological and prehistoric archaeology. belonging to the culture
complex of Mouster, Aurignac and Solutre.
No
information.
Conservation
Value No information
Conservation
Management Decree 189/2976/OTvII. Landscape enjoys full protection,
conservation areas under strict protection are also fully protected.
Sylviculture - if regulated - is legitimate.
No
information.
Management
Constraints No information.
Staff
Board of Directors of Bükk National Park, 18 persons string,
Budget
$ 124,000.
Local
Addresses
National
Authority for Environment Protection and Nature Conservation (OKTH),
Management of Bükk National Park, 3532 Nuskolc.
References
None
listed.
Date
No information
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